Glossary

False Positive (Sanctions Screening)

A screening match that is mathematically similar but refers to a different person or entity than the counterparty.

Definition

A false positive in sanctions screening is a match returned by the screening engine that, on review, does not refer to the same party as the counterparty — typically because of a common name or similar alias. It is a candidate match, not a confirmed sanctions hit.

Regulatory context

False positives are an expected and accepted part of name-based screening, which is why human review is standard. OFAC expects screening to cast a wide net and for the institution to have a documented process for clearing false positives.

Who it affects

Any institution screening names. Wallet-based screening has near-zero false positives (addresses are exact); name-based screening has materially higher false-positive rates.

Relevance to AI agents

Autonomous agents must not auto-clear or auto-pay around a screening match. Any match — even a likely false positive — must route to a human reviewer. Agents that auto-clear matches are effectively running without a screen.

SanctionsAI coverage

SanctionsAI returns matches with confidence and matched-name context so a human reviewer can quickly confirm or clear. Wallet matches are near-exact; name matches carry the false-positive review burden.

FAQ

1. What is a false positive in sanctions screening?

A match that looks similar but refers to a different party. It must be reviewed and cleared by a human.

2. Do wallet matches have false positives?

Almost none. Wallet hashes are exact identifiers; the false-positive problem is concentrated in name screening.

Compliance disclaimer. This page is educational and not legal advice. Sanctions determinations and license questions require review by a qualified professional. Screening data is sourced from the US Treasury.

Screen a counterparty free

OFAC sanctions screening in under 100ms. Free tier: 5 checks/day.

Screen a wallet free →  See pricing